Autosomal – Definition & Meaning

Autosomal is a term that is commonly used in genetics and biology. It refers to the chromosomes that are not involved in determining the sex of an individual. In this article, we will explore the definition, origin, meaning, associations, synonyms, antonyms, root words, and example sentences of autosomal.

Definitions

Autosomal refers to the 22 pairs of chromosomes in humans that are not involved in determining the sex of an individual. These chromosomes are called autosomes. Autosomal inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are determined by genes on the autosomes.

Origin

The word autosomal is derived from the Greek words “autos” meaning “self” and “soma” meaning “body.” The term was first used in the early 20th century to describe the chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination.

Meaning in different dictionaries

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, autosomal refers to “of, relating to, or involving any chromosome other than a sex chromosome.” The Oxford English Dictionary defines autosomal as “relating to or denoting any chromosome other than a sex chromosome.”

Associations

Autosomal inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are determined by genes on the autosomes. Autosomal dominant inheritance occurs when a single copy of a gene on one of the autosomes is enough to cause a particular trait or disorder. Autosomal recessive inheritance occurs when two copies of a gene on one of the autosomes are necessary to cause a particular trait or disorder.

Synonyms

Some synonyms of autosomal include non-sex-linked, non-gonosomal, and non-heterosomal.

Antonyms

The antonym of autosomal is sex-linked. Sex-linked traits are determined by genes on the sex chromosomes.

The same root words

Some words that share the same root as autosomal include autosome, autonomic, and autonomous.

Example Sentences

1. The inheritance of eye color is an example of autosomal inheritance.
2. Autosomal dominant disorders include Huntington’s disease and Marfan syndrome.
3. Autosomal recessive disorders include cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia.
4. The genetic counselor explained that the trait was autosomal and could be inherited by either parent.
5. The researchers found a mutation on an autosomal gene that was associated with increased risk of breast cancer.