Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can cause significant impairment in daily life. In this article, we will explore the definitions and meanings of ADHD, its origin, and its associations.
Definitions
ADHD is a disorder that affects the brain’s executive functions, including attention, working memory, and self-control. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. The symptoms of ADHD must be present before the age of 12 and must be present in more than one setting, such as at home and at school.
Origin
The origin of ADHD is still not fully understood. However, research suggests that genetics, brain development, and environmental factors may all play a role in the development of ADHD. Studies have shown that children with ADHD have differences in the structure and function of certain areas of the brain, as well as differences in the levels of certain neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine.
Meaning in different dictionaries
According to Merriam-Webster, ADHD is “a developmental disorder that is marked especially by persistent symptoms of inattention (such as distractibility, forgetfulness, or disorganization) or by symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity (such as fidgeting, speaking out of turn, or restlessness) or by symptoms of all three and that is not caused by any serious underlying physical or mental disorder.”
Associations
ADHD is associated with a range of other conditions, including learning disabilities, anxiety disorders, depression, and substance use disorders. Children with ADHD are also at increased risk for academic and social difficulties, as well as accidents and injuries.
Synonyms
Some synonyms for ADHD include hyperkinetic disorder, attention deficit disorder (ADD), and hyperactivity.
Antonyms
There are no antonyms for ADHD.
The same root words
The root words of ADHD are attention, deficit, hyperactivity, and disorder.
Example Sentences
- “My son has been diagnosed with ADHD and is having trouble focusing in school.”
- “Adults with ADHD may struggle with organization and time management.”
- “The symptoms of ADHD can be managed with medication and therapy.”
- “Children with ADHD may benefit from accommodations in the classroom, such as extra time on tests.”