Anticodon is a term commonly used in the field of molecular biology. It is an essential component of transfer RNA (tRNA), which plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. Anticodon is a three-nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a specific codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA) during translation. In this article, we will explore the definition, meaning, and associations of anticodon.
Definitions
Anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that is complementary to a specific codon on mRNA. This sequence is crucial for the accuracy of protein synthesis. The anticodon forms a base pair with the codon on mRNA, allowing the correct amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Origin
The term anticodon was first introduced in 1955 by the biochemist Robert Holley. He discovered the structure of tRNA and its role in protein synthesis, including the importance of the anticodon sequence.
Meaning in different dictionaries
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, anticodon is defined as “a sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that is complementary to a codon in messenger RNA and that specifies the amino acid to be incorporated into a polypeptide chain.”
The Oxford English Dictionary defines anticodon as “a sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that pairs with a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis.”
Associations
Anticodon is closely associated with the process of protein synthesis. It ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. Without the correct anticodon sequence, the wrong amino acid would be added, resulting in a non-functional protein.
Synonyms
There are no commonly used synonyms for anticodon.
Antonyms
There are no commonly used antonyms for anticodon.
The same root words
Anticodon is derived from the Greek words “anti,” meaning opposite, and “kodón,” meaning a bell or a knob. The term refers to the fact that the anticodon sequence is complementary to the codon sequence on mRNA.
Example Sentences
- The anticodon sequence ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
- The tRNA molecule contains an anticodon that is complementary to a specific codon on mRNA.
- Without the correct anticodon sequence, protein synthesis would not be accurate.