Beta rays are a type of ionizing radiation that is emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay. They are high-energy particles that can travel at high speeds and penetrate through materials, making them potentially harmful to living organisms. In this article, we will explore the definition and meaning of beta rays, their origin, and their associations in different contexts.
Definitions
Beta rays are a type of radiation that consists of high-energy electrons or positrons that are emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay. They have a negative charge and can be detected using specialized equipment such as Geiger counters or scintillation detectors.
Origin
The term “beta” comes from the second letter of the Greek alphabet, beta (β), which was used to denote the second type of radiation discovered by physicist Henri Becquerel in 1896. Beta decay occurs when a nucleus emits a beta particle, which can be either an electron or a positron, in order to become more stable. This process is a result of the weak nuclear force, which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.
Meaning in different dictionaries
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, beta rays are “electrons or positrons emitted from a nucleus in radioactive decay.” The Oxford English Dictionary defines beta rays as “high-speed electrons or positrons emitted in the radioactive decay of certain atomic nuclei.”
Associations
Beta rays are associated with radioactivity, nuclear physics, and radiation therapy. They are used in medical treatments such as radiation therapy to target and destroy cancer cells. Beta particles can also be used in imaging techniques such as PET scans to detect and visualize metabolic activity in the body.
Synonyms
Synonyms for beta rays include beta particles, beta radiation, and beta decay.
Antonyms
Antonyms for beta rays include alpha particles, gamma rays, and X-rays.
The same root words
The word “beta” comes from the second letter of the Greek alphabet, beta (β), which is also the root word for other terms such as beta testing, beta version, and beta blocker.
Example Sentences
- The Geiger counter detected beta rays coming from the radioactive material.
- Beta decay is a natural process that occurs in certain types of atoms.
- The radiation therapist used beta particles to target the cancer cells in the patient’s body.