Back mutation is a genetic phenomenon where a previously mutated gene returns to its original state. It is a rare occurrence, but it can have significant implications in genetic research and disease treatment. In this article, we will explore the definition, origin, meaning, associations, synonyms, antonyms, and examples of back mutation.
Definitions
Back mutation, also known as reverse mutation or reversion, is a genetic change that restores the original nucleotide sequence of a gene after it has been mutated. This process can occur spontaneously or be induced by external factors such as radiation or chemical exposure.
Origin
The concept of back mutation was first proposed by the geneticist Hermann Joseph Muller in 1927. He observed that mutations could be reversed by exposing organisms to high temperatures or other environmental stresses. Since then, the study of back mutation has become an important area of research in genetics and molecular biology.
Meaning in different dictionaries
According to Merriam-Webster, back mutation is “a mutation that restores a previous nucleotide sequence and thus reverses the effect of a previous mutation”. The Oxford English Dictionary defines it as “the reversal of a mutation in a gene, resulting in the restoration of the original nucleotide sequence”.
Associations
Back mutation can have both positive and negative associations. On the one hand, it can be a useful tool in genetic research, allowing scientists to study the effects of mutations and their reversals. On the other hand, it can also lead to the reemergence of harmful genetic traits that were previously eliminated.
Synonyms
Some synonyms of back mutation include reverse mutation, reversion, and restoration.
Antonyms
Antonyms of back mutation include forward mutation, progressive mutation, and irreversible mutation.
The same root words
Some related terms to back mutation include gene mutation, genetic variation, genetic diversity, and genetic drift.
Example Sentences
- The back mutation of the gene restored the function of the protein and reversed the effects of the previous mutation.
- The researchers induced back mutations in the laboratory to study the effects of radiation on DNA.
- The patient’s symptoms improved after a back mutation restored the function of a mutated gene.
- Back mutations can be a double-edged sword, as they can reverse harmful mutations but also reintroduce genetic disorders.
- The geneticist used CRISPR technology to induce a back mutation in the gene and reverse the effects of the disease.